Report of Influence Leadership on Apple Inc

Report of influence communicateership on orchard apple tree Inc May 5 2011 This encompass shows market freshen, dweeb and pesterer of orchard apple tree Inc as hale as back ground of Steve Jobs- promising CEO. It to a fault criticize and relate to crown theories in his baptistry. Contents Introductions3 Findings4 1. Products and services4 2. trade review5 Literature review10 Conclusions15 Recommendations15 References16 Introductions It is obvious to suggest that the achievement ofacorporate marqueis establish onm whatever f issueorsthatimp map right offor indirectly todelivering the stopping pointto buildthat achiever.Human factors, especi anyythe role of loss leaderss andtheir decision atomic number 18prerequisiteto bring a unique successin any(prenominal)(a)(prenominal)business andbrand reputation. According to Fortune magazine, orchard apple tree Inc is The Most value high society in the USA in 2010 and becomes a leader in skillful rivalry in majority ara s such as consumer electronics as well as parcel harvest-feasts (Magazine, 2011) . Its success based on creativity and innovation strategies, and a significant advantages which allows the political dowery to occupy the leading positions in the ground market is lead of this ships company , specially Steve Jobs- a wordy talents CEO.He has played an important role in the teaching of the data processor company. However, this was to a fault the problem of Apple beca economic consumption of lack of Steve Jobs such as when he got cancer leading to falling down Apple stock price in the former(prenominal). So that, The aim of this report will focus on devotion of leadership on Apple and how leadership theories relate in this case. This report also shows market review of Apple Inc and recommends for this company . The report based on secondary research (public information on the inter send extraneous, journals and literature review from books).Laterally, the research will evalu ate the fact and key theories in limited circumstance- Apple Inc and Steve Jobs. Findings 1. Products and services In 1976, Apple was co-founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. The Company specializes designs, manufactures, and markets consumer electronics productions personalisedised computers, movable music players, liquid ph unitarys as well as cerebrate softw atomic number 18, services, and peripherals. Apple sells its products worldwide and provides endorse through with(predicate) its website . Additionally, Apple distributes digital am expendment content through its iTunes Store.While initially offering only music, the line has grown to include videos, tele imagination shows, films, and audio books. Apples products and services include * A say of personal computing products including ground and portable computers. The Companys desktop computers such as iMac, Mac Pro and Mac mini. Its portable computers include MacBook, MacBook Pro and MacBook Air. * iPod The iP od was launched as a line of portable digital music players in 2001, a portable entertainment widget capable of storing photos and playing video. iPhone Released in June 2007, the iPhone marked Apples entry into the rapidly ontogeny Smartphone market. * In January 2010, introduced iPad, a multi-purpose mobile device for browsing the web, reading and displace email, viewing photos, watching videos etc * iTunes Store in early 2001, iTunes is a digital media player application used to manage audio and video files. * Apple TV Launched in 2007, the Apple TV is a digital media recipient role designed to play content from an Internet media service or any computer running iTunes. AppleC be provides a range of support options for the Companys customers, include assistance that is built into software products, printed and electronic product manuals, online support including comprehensive product information as well as technical aid, and the Apple Care Protection Plan (APP). * The Company offers a range of software products for consumers and creative customers, including the Companys proprietary Mac OS X and iOS operate system software. Ipad2 Imac Iphone4 Macbook Pro 2. Market review The Company manages its business primarily on a geographic basis.Operating surgical incisions rest of the Americas, Europe, Japan, Asia-Pacific. In September 25, 2010, the Company had opened a total of 317 retail stores, including 233 stores in the U. S. A and 84 stores all all over the world, approximately 44% of the Companys total net sales in 2010 inside the USA. Also, the Company had nearly 46,600 full-time equivalent employees and 2,800 full-time equivalent acting(prenominal) employees and contractors. It has worldwide annual net sales of $65. 225 billion in 2010. (Inc, 2011) last-place sales and Gross margin of Apple Inc in 2008-2009-2010 ($ million)Net sales/ R even come to the foreue during 2010 increased $22. 3 billion, or 52% compared with 2009. Overall, total net sales of Apple increases rapidly, specially in 2010. (Inc, 2011) Expenditure $1. 8 billion, $1. 3 billion and $1. 1 billion in 2010, 2009 and 2008 to invest development of saucy innovative products, such as iPhone, iPod, iPad and Macbook. (Inc, 2011) Investment of Apple in 2008-2009-2010( lot %) * PEST Analysis * Politics Different countries maintain different policies which well-nigh way restrict or give the company chances.The company has to act in accordance with the environment regulations such as environment riskless disposal or recycling. Triad , NAFTA and other regions open doors to trade ,otherwise Latin America, Asia offer massive potential. Unstable politics caused terrorism activities are directly impacting the overall business of the company. * Social The evolution of computer and internet rule all over the world which are opportunities to develop computer effort. knowledge issue is put first for new generation which is key gene for business of the company. User bec omes more knowledgeable and skilled about computer. frugal Impacting from economic crisis leading to low consumers drop deading, however some signs of betterment appears by change magnitude of spending and investment of consumers. Currency exchange rate fluctuations and world(prenominal) trade regulations (tariffs and antidumping penalties) may affect products sales. * Technology Advanced in engine room quickly and consumers appreciate more more advances in their systems. The traditional desktop might become outdated by the entrance of new basal products. Increasing demands for new technology in schools and professionals. * SWOT Analysis * CompetitorsSWOT and PEST analysis above showed overview criticism about Apple. The company has a good performance, however it also encounters aggressive competitors in all segments of its business. The markets for the Companys products and services are highly competitive. Because the segments in which the Company competes are characterized by rapid technological advances, including personal computers with its Mac computers mobile communications and media devices with its iPhone, iPad and iPod product families, and distribution of third-party digital content and applications with its online iTunes Store.For instance * Personal computers segment According to Fortune magazine, HP is ranked 2nd in appoint of Worlds most admired companies with score 7. 74 , HPs revenue is $126 billion in 2010. (Magazine, 2011) (HP, 2011) * Mobile communications segment HTC- The worlds largest throw offr of handset development Microsoft Corp. and Google Inc. operating systems. Its products use Googles Android platform and Windows Phone 7 software ofMicrosoft. Revenue rose to NT$76 billion in third can 2010. Businessweek, 2011) * Software segment Android, the barren operating system developed by Google, accounted for a 32 percent share of the U. S. market for Smartphone bought in the past six months of 2010 according to August data fro m Nielsen Co. * Current and future trends victimization Smartphone is increasing today( increased to 29 % in 2010, USA) (Roger Entner, 2011). A growing prevailder of younger consumers opt to use their mobile contracts for all telecoms services. The focus of mobile industry will be on platforms, include operating systems ( iOS of Apple , Android of Google, and Microsofts Window 7) .The combination of affordable data plan and increasing Smartphone usage would get more spate online. Consumers are ready to spend more for their extra functionality, effective and fashionable products. Touch, eye, voice and possibly even brain directlers will be commonplace. It also is future trend for personal computers and portable music players. Literature review As mentioned above , Apples success base on key point Steve Job- a brilliant CEO. in the beginning analyzing influence of Steve Jobs on Apple and relate it with leadership theories, it is necessary to prepare leadership and its theories. Definition Leadership is an interaction between two or members of a group that often involves structuring of the situation and the perceptions, expectation of members. Leaders are agent of change-person whose acts affect other people more than other peoples act affect them. Leadership occurs when one group member modifies the motivation or competencies of others in the group. In fact, some people are able to lead naturally while others, leadership skills are built up through hard work and practice.According to Stogdills studies, there are 5 elements which change effective leader traits Capacity, Achievement, Responsibility, Participation, Status. (Bloisi et al. , 2007) In addition, 4 leader decision styles were sort out include Autocratic, Democratic, Laissez-faire, Human relation. (Bloisi et al. , 2007) Although, leaders success also depends on how they interact with respective(a) circumstances that influence the capers to be undertaken. A range of researches was pointed ou t, however some popular theories cod known( contingency theories).Firstly, The Fiedler contingency model- matching leader style and situational incontrovertibleness factors. It includes (Bloisi et al. , 2007) task organise the stagecoach to which the duty are formalised and aforethought(ip) Position power the degree of influence a leader has over activities such as recruitment, authority, promotion and increasing salary Leader-member relations the degree of confidence, invest and respect inferiors confine for the leader . Secondly, Hersey and Blanchards (1996) situational leadership theory matching leader behaviours to followers needs.Based on combinations of the leaders travail and relationship behaviours as moderated by the job maturity of followers. (Bloisi et al. , 2007). It includes Task behaviours organising and defining roles, structure, channel of communication relationship behaviours relationship with inferiors by opening channel of communication and supporti ng. Thirdly, Path-goal theory ( admit and Mitchell, 1974) a leader should clarify goals, show acceptable cartroads for attaining goals, make the path easier to travel, and reward satisfactory performance. (Bloisi et al. , 2007).It includes Directive leadership (highly task orientated)- provide counseling and how indentified performance standards and time schedules as well as policies Achievement-orientated leadership (high task and relationship orientated) challenge purpose is built up, seeks performance upgrading Participative leadership ( evenhandedly task and highly relationship orientated ) consulting with and soliciting the ideas of others in decision-making Supportive leadership (highly relationship orientated) -concern for the needs and purposes of others and strives to make the work conditions satisfying and equitable.Additionally, there are 2 styles among several leadership styles which modify model of leaders. Firstly, Transactional leadership using bureaucratic a uthority and incentives to motivate, focusing on rewards according to Bass theory. Secondly, magnetic leadership heroic leadership the ability to energize interiors through the use of symbols, visionary, stories and rhetoric to achieve at extraordinary levels, typically having a vision and a reason for the future , advanced by Weber (1947). much(prenominal) information have demonstrated some traits and processes of leadership in an organisation. In fact , they are also traits which fit in Apple case. Its success story began in 1976, when Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniaks launched their own business, the Apple Computer Company, in Jobs family garage. At that time, he was 21, thusly by the age of 25 , Jobs obsessed $ one hundred sixty-five million . The increase of Apples success quickly which put the first confines in his line of business. (Campbell, 2011) In 1985, he got out of the way of Apple when John Sculley , who came from Pepsi-Cola, had joined.Four years later, Jobs came b ack with another company, NextStep which achieved far away from the success of Apple but it recalled people that he would continued in his way. Later, he secondly started with his participation in Pixar- the animation company he purchased from the Star Wars director, George Lucas. The first success of Pixar is movie Toy Story which lead to its position as one of the key player in Hollywood, then launching movie Finding Nemo. Its success made Jobs a billionaire and brisk for his coming back Apple in 1997.Within one year , the ailing company was once more making huge profits. However, his go didnt stop at that point. Since the combination of high-speed Internet and the music industry has opened a new segment for getting profit by downloading music . Jobs believe that iTunes is the answer. Additionally, Ipad2 is leader in digital book and pill segment now. (Campbell, 2011) Steve Jobs is really an effective leader, an important person in development of Apple. In some(prenominal) way , his traits fit in charismatic leadership.Firstly, an political orientation is showed clearly, often using labels and slogans, He offered a vivid and positive jut out of the future. For instance, he used the slogan as well as the iconic logo of the Mac group Pirates Not the Navy to build up Mac team( a group specializes design new products) (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 38). Being pirate, employees should look differently and act as revolution. His goal and passion are complete products. He concerned about every details of products carefully until it was launched.This is an ideological image which he and his team follow, becomes a motivation in the in all company. By articulating an ideological vision and recruiting a number of talents who share the determine of the vision, he develops the company. Secondly, he showed clear structure to reach his goal as well as increases positive values and suggest touchages between judge behaviors from interiors with his visi on of the future. For example, he formed the Mac group would never chevy more than a hundred people because it was easy to fall into the peril of free flowing of ideas, barriers of communication among employees.He had a plan to fix everyone has the same wavelength and the same direction, setting a standard of doing each task for each staff (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 38). He ordered the team to create a whole new prototype of the computer using different chip, the Motorola 68000, which have a lager memory. Another case, he forced people do his direction by calling coupleings, setting new paths, adding new people into Mac team to move the cursor with some kind of control device . It led to moving the cursors with the mouse , clicking o make collection, drag a file or icon (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 15). That was the fundamentals of the way we use computers today. Also, he was always finding for something specific from each group to link the quality he want ed. He brought out the creative talent in several people and guided them to work in harmony as well as encouraged open discussion. These characters also fit with Task behaviors of Hersey and Blanchard theory and Task structure of Fielder theory. Because both theories are quite a similar , they show clear structure and aim to lead employees follow. H In fact, effective leader does not rely on one leadership style to manage company. Transaction leadership style also contain in this case. He has focused on achieving the tasks at hand. Jobs has got things through with(p) by making, and fulfilling, promises of recognition, and advancement for employees who have performed well. By contrast, employees who do not do good work are penalized. This promise and reward for good performance, or threat and discipline for poor performance. For example, he set up product retreats into the actual work agenda, opening them every three months for the whole growing Mac team.Every member was expected t o be face. One by one, each team manager for hard ware, soft ware, marketing, sales, finance, PR would present a brief status report and time line , explaining where they were in term of agenda. If their team was falling behind , they would be criticized and given some suggestions for how they could overcome (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 43). Everybody was free to give suggestions. Besides, he heady that the signatures of the engineering team members would be put on the inside of the case of the first Mac.Its also a gift or recognition from him to interiors. Another case, achievement- oriented leadership consist with his traits, he was always discovering imperfections in everything , from the design to the marketing and package , to how the product would be promoted and sold. He always asked At the first make level (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 21) . In a story, he had decided early on that the cell phone being developed at Apple would have only a single but ton but his engineers couldnt carry out , then, he kept demanding in effect The phone will have a single button.Figure it out (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 23). By high demanding, we have iPhone 4 with only a single button today. In addition, he is autocratic decision style because he always gave duty for others and decided quickly. However, he is a relation behaviors and supportive leader. He focused on the slogan We are all in this together by delivery people from different aspects to meet each others in celebrations and to make a satisfaction work place such as allowing to work free of usual restrictions (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 40).Apple would become known as a company that celebrated just about everything meeting goal, sales growth, new product introduction, new key people. In 1981, Bandley Drive building , a part of the center was a large atrium (Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011, p. 50). It had a piano, video games huge fridge stocked with bottle s of fruit juice . It was quickly became a place for the employees to meet and hang out. Finally, his case consist with leader member relations theory. Because of all of his passion and actions , followers have a strong respect and trust to him.Talents would be attracted by talents, that is explanation for Why Apple attracted many magnificence engineers and developed nowadays. At last but not least, that is the innovation of Steve Jobs in the whole business context. Technologies which he developed and advanced in NextStep and Pixar were use on Apple Inc. That is really a basic for Apples success . He always plays an important role in making right decision as the statement about leader and manager Leader do the right thing , manager do the thing right. (Bloisi et al. , 2007) Conclusions Steve Jobs is criticized as an effective leader in the world.His famous and the well known of Apple remain together and will keep an important position in world trade. He is a part of success of App le Inc and a leader in significant decision of development of his company. Understanding Apple Inc case and its market as well as an important leader- Steve Jobs will make us be aware of some traits of leadership in many theories deeply. His leadership style are Task behaviors of Hersey and Blanchard theory and Task structure of Fielder theory, Charismatic leadership and Transaction leadership as well as Relation behaviors and Supportive leader.So that, it is realization that an successful leader always exists different leadership styles. Leaders always change their leadership style flexibility which is suitable for each task and each circumstance. Recommendations A part of the success of Apple based on Steve Jobs but it is chancy if lack of this key leader. Besides, Job also shows that he is impatient person. So, it is considered naughtily that Apple should give structure and motivation for employees as well as the whole company clearly and make it become tradition.Also, it is n ecessary to improve workplace such as improving workplace conditions in china and invest more in charity segment as Microsoft. It is expedient to promote Apples image. References Bloisi, W. , W. Cook, C. L. Hunsaker, P. , 2007. Leadership. In K. Reade, ed. Management and Organisational Behaviour. 2nd ed. newfound York Mc Graw cumulus Education. pp. 652- 672. Businessweek, B. , 2011. Boomberg. Online operational at http//www. businessweek. com/news/2010-10-06/htc-posts-record-revenue-profit-on-android-phones. html Accessed 4 May 2011. Campbell, D. , 2011. Guardian. Online purchasable at http//arts. uardian. co. uk/features/story/0,11710,1241745,00. html Accessed 4 May 2011. Elliot, Jay L. Simon,William, 2011. In The Steve Jobs appearance iLeadership for a fresh Generation. New York head Press. p. 38. Elliot, Jay L. 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